In Zimbabwe, we see a President utilizing the legal system to take the lands of white farmers in order to give them to his cronies. Now, in Boulder, we see the legal system used to take land from an airline pilot and his wife to be given to a retired judge without any compensation being given to the victims.
The concept of Adverse Possession is an old one. My recollection from law school is that the public policy behind it is efficient use of land. If someone has, in essence, abandoned their land and another uses it productively for some set period, the latter person acquires title.
In the case of Don and Suzie Kirlin in Boulder, the couple bought a lot in the 80’s with the plan of someday building their dream-retirement home. The couple lived in the same subdivision and walked past their land almost daily, controlled the weeds and repaired fences.
Then, a year ago, they discovered that a retired judge who lived next door was plotting to use adverse possession against them to take part of the lot. The couple contracted with a fence builder, who went to the property to begin the fence when the retired judge chased them off the property saying that he was getting a TRO against the fence. After 5 pm on a Friday night, this judge was able to get a TRO from a former colleague on the bench.
The retired judge and his lawyer wife asserted adverse possession and Judge Klein, not the same judge who granted the TRO, heard the case. According to the Kirlin’s, upon seeing the former judge, Dick McLean, in the courtroom the trial judge told McLean that he was honored to have the man in his court!
The evidence of adverse possession in this case is that the McLean’s dumped yard debris on part of the Kirlin’s lot and wore a path getting from the front of their house to the back yard. They also encroached by planting some landscaping on a very small part of the lot and trimming some limbs. How, when looking at the totality of the circumstances, this fulfills the public policy purpose of productive use of the land, I will never understand.
In fact, what has transpired is that the Kirlin’s have had approximately 1/3rd of their land taken from them. This makes their lot unbuildable due to deed restrictions. Thus, most of the property will continue to lay fallow as the landgrabbers continue to dump debris and wear paths in it. But, the landgrabbers will have achieved their real goal—retention of a view of the mountains.
Needless to say, this case is becoming notorious because the judge found for the landgrabbers. For some stupid reason, the Kirlin’s lawyers talked them into a bench trial, so the order with its findings of facts are available. In this document, you will see that the judge believes the witnesses with something to gain—and disbelieves witnesses who have nothing to gain. The McCleans were believed. Two of their neighbors, who also live adjacent to the lot, testified on their behalf. They will also retain their view of the mountains.
The statute of limitations for a landowner to contest a squatter is 18 years in Colorado. The landgrabbers claimed that they trespassed on the land for 25 years. The judge apparently relied solely on the testimony of the McLeans on that point as the findings do not corroborate the timing via any other witness. In other words, the finding mention no dates, except those given by the McLean family establishing that the 18 year SOL had been exceeded.
Further, the judge actually writes hearsay into his findings of fact. He relies on hearsay testimony by one of the benefiting witnesses that “everyone thought the land belonged to” the landgrabbers. He also goes to the land to view it and writes an opinion that the trails “looked old” to him, whatever that means. It is rare that judges allow juries to go to locations because it is too much intermixing of observation with opinion that juries may not have the expertise to form. One must wonder here what expertise the judge has in determining whether a path was old—or recently created and made to look old. Essentially, he fell back on the seemingly uncorroborated testimony of the McLeans’, otherwise, why didn’t he recited direct testimony of a neighbor that they had seen these paths 25 years ago?!
The Kirlins say that there are satellite photos from 2003 which definitively show that there were no paths at that time. These photos are not mentioned in the judge’s decision, so I can’t tell if they were offered. If the Kirlins are correct, then I would say that the McLean’s may have given false witness in court.
It seems to me that the most that the judge should have done, if anything, is to grant a prescriptive easement allowing the McLean’s to use the path to their backyard. I don’t even support this as the McLean’s have other options for access like getting rid of some of the overplanting they did which motivates use of the alleged paths.
This is a dirty business. It is made even dirtier by the fact that Judge McLean admitted knowingly trespassing while he served on the bench administering justice while on the payroll of the taxpayers.